You are being disingenuous. The amount of income taxes a state pay pay has nothing to do with federal dollars spent in that state.
First of all "states" don't pay federal taxes. Secondly, once again, retirees who receive SSI and Medicare choose to live in most of the red states because of the warmth and cost of living. Study didn't factor this in.
Meanwhile, the most obvious reason this is flawed because it shows Maine as a red state. I live in Maine, this is FAR from a Red state. Obama won handily both times.
And then you have Del which only has about 500K people, but because of their tax laws for corporations they have a disproportion of huge corporations based in a small state with a lot of folks with huge incomes paying lots of federal taxes.
If we played the game the way your playing it then there would only be Republican's as POTUS because there are more red states than blue states - but it doesn't quite work that way.
And finally, I did some research on the 4 biggest states which represent about 1/3 of the US population. The big 4, in order. are CA, TX, NY and FL.
NY breaks even, every dollar received, pays a dollar
CA is a net beneficiary, they receive $1.09 for every dollar they pay
TX, interesting, is a net benefactor to the Feds, They receive .91C for every dollar they pay
FL, large beneficiary, they receive $1.39 for every dollar
So its amazing in how you look at things the results can change. Just so you know, only 10 of the states, out of 50 send more than is doled out.
Meanwhile, keep searching for articles that support your world view.